Showing posts with label Surveillance and the Camera. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Surveillance and the Camera. Show all posts

Friday, May 15, 2015

A Reflection

Views of the City


     Our project is concerned with both looking up and looking down on Grafton street, significant on this street where shop fronts and advertising are composed to streamline the view to one level. This is not necessarily a commentary of this particular street, but a relevant inquiry into how we see Dublin city and other cities today.

















     Stills from footage looking up and down

The intention of the project was to question the city, to expand our knowledge of it and to show it in the form of a composed view from which the observer can procure his or her own ideas. The challenge of composing a view is where to begin. Kevin Lynch, in his book 'Image of the City' alludes to our comfort on a street; “We are supported by the presence of others and by special way-finding devices: maps, street numbers, route signs, bus placards. But let the mishap of disorientation once occur, and the sense of anxiety and even terror that accompanies it reveals to us how closely it is linked to out sense of balance and well-being” 1. The views we have chosen to bring together are disorientating, as is the way we have decided to show it, by projecting on to the ceiling. The idea of challenging the viewer comes both by disorientating them and giving them views, which are abstract, where the only direction is that which the camera decides. In this sense, while the view may be out of the comfort zone of the observer, they are still being carried and shown the way by the stream of video.

     John Berger reminds us in 'Ways of Seeing' that “Seeing comes before words, the child looks and recognises before it speaks” 2 It was in two views which only an infant is used to perceiving which we thought could best illustrate our question to the city. It forces the observer back into a state of infancy, being carried through the street. Looking up from a height of just under a meter, as if being pushed in a pram, and an exaggerated piggyback on the shoulders of a giant, looking down from a height of five metres. This defamiliarization is not a new technique. In the story Kholstomer (the story of a horse) by Leo Tolstoy (1886) 3, it shows the human world from the viewpoint of a horse, exposing the irrationalities of human convention. It is these conventions that our project may begin to question. Without the shop fronts in view we begin to further question our habitation of the street.

Grafton Street looking up

     Ed Ruscha’s “Every building on sunset strip 1966” 4 has both similarities and contradictions to our project on Grafton Street. Ruscha takes single elevation photos from a moving truck, sticking them together, with no other reason than to show what is currently there. The repercussions of his work, then and today, showed the viewer a moment in time. It disseminates the social, economic and culture of the period. We are presenting two views which are unfamiliar on this street. What we show is the background to what the viewer usually sees on the street. Our interest in this says something about where and what we were pushed towards in this project. It is a disposition away from the commercial, from the ordinary, which we found a need to communicate.



Grafton Street looking down

     The view questions our relationship with ground and sky on this enclosed and narrow street. In one sense it longs to soar above the buildings and out of the built environment. The other, looking down, is more inquisitive as to the built environment. The breaks in granite paving, filled with tar, or the milieu of red brick ground cover, displaced or skewed, give us a sense of inhabitation and history. These images from the video remind us of Andreas Geffellars 5 work, which takes the unfamiliar view, the unpopulated view, yet one with memory of inhabitation and shows it to us in stunning detail. It is inquisitive of both human habitation and the left overs of habitation. Geffelars photographs, while becoming about human habitation, rarely has people in them, where our video has people, many of whom do not notice they are being filmed. This provokes a sense of surveillance. David Rokeby 6 talks about the power of these technologies and visual artists in his essays, bringing up the ethical side, where “subjectivity and control” are the main issues. He hints at the idea that we may be “in danger of becoming apologists for industrial, corporate, and institutional uses of these technologies.”



Stills from video footage looking down



     We are so rehearsed in seeing Grafton Street from eye level, that when it is shown in this extreme way it becomes ever more interesting. It adds a depth to the layers which the viewer already understands. What our projection will physically show are the tops of buildings and the ground cover on Grafton street. We see people move past these views from uncommon angles, yet it still shows occupancy. When we see people occupying the street it does give us a familiar starting point. It points to this view as archive, and survey.

     To exhibit our work, we will use the main entrance hall in the Richview house. Including the bicycle which we used to film both views was an essential part of our thoughts for the exhibition. By building a frame to hold both the bicycle and projector, where both depend on each other, it shows reference to both method and exhibition in the same piece. A frame holds the bicycle steady, while also holding a perforated box, which carries the projector. The bicycle counterwights the frame, allowing the perforated box to be suspended between two timber elements and appear to float. The projector plays the videos on a split screen, which will loop approx. every 10 mintues.






















Final Exhibition





Adding of perforations for air intake






Cormac Friel



Bibliography


Lynch, Kevin. The Image of the City. London, The MIT Press, 1960

Berger, John.  Ways of seeing. London, Penguin, 1972

Tolstoy, Leo. Khlolstomer. Montana, Kessinger Publishing, 2005

Ruscha, Ed. Every Building on Sunset Strip.  1966

Geffellar, Andreas. Supervisions. 2009-2013

Rokeby, David. Watch. 1995

Tuesday, April 9, 2013

Doorstep photography - the private made public

It was my original proposal to make a series of images which deal with the themes of privacy, voyeurism, intimacy and focused on photography which expresses tensions at the thresholds between the public and the private realm. This proposal has now transformed, and is no longer about making a series of images, but about collating a series of images which talk about the themes originally identified.

To focus the research, photography of specifically of people on stairs was selected to locate relevant images for discussion. Initial investigation has identified a huge number of images on stairs - many posed and commercial shots, some snapshots and mostly images of people walking on stairs. General google image searches were conducted to locate images, and now more specific keyword searches on Flickr have begun.


Google Image search results - people sitting on stairs.
 
Google Image search results - people sitting on stairs.


The huge volume of random images, show that photography on stairs is a strong recurring theme. But how to make sense if so many varied images, take under such a variety of conditions?  I feel that focusing (as much as possible) primarily on work by documentary photographers, street photographers, artists and dedicated projects will give a further targeted pool of images to examine. It is also emerging that images should be narrowed to doorways and doorsteps, rather than simply steps in general. This may include static portrait style shots or other activity, or movement through the threshold zone of a doorway or doorstep. This is more in keeping with the original research intention.


So far, a number of interesting photographers, artists, images, projects and exhibitions have been located which discuss the themes.

Interesting resources which have been identified so far. These form a snapshot of my thinking so far, and through investigation of these resources I hope to establish a more coherent proposal and direction for the essay.


Key Articles
Didier Aubert. “The doorstep portrait: intrusion and performance in mainstream American documentary photography.”  Visual Studies. Apr2009, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p3-18.

Elizabeth Chapman. “A response to Didier Aubert” Visual Studies, Vol. 25, No. 2, September 2010

These article deal with doorstep photography as a sub-genre of documentary photography. As Chapman says, Aubert “shows the methodological and ethical concerns routinely encountered and resolved when the documentary photographer wants to display the private for public consumption. Doorstep photography is the conventional (inevitable?) ‘answer’ to the perennial problem of gaining access yet avoiding intrusion, unwanted exposure.”

Artists
Sam Kiang Li: At Our Doorsteps
Li has photographed residents in his apartment building in Singapore.
http://invisiblephotographer.asia/2012/05/10/photoessay-atourdoorsteps-samkangli/

Michael Wolf's project are of continued interest as a number of his projects talk about issues of privacy and voyeurism. 



 Michael Wolf - Bastard Chair #17
 Michael Wolf - Bastard Chair #20




 


















Nigel Henderson (part of the Independent Group), and associated with the Smithsons. Some of his work focuses on the streetscape and interface between buildings and the street. In particular it documents  children playing on the street.


Nigel Henderson Bethnal Green, 1949-52
Nigel Henderson Chisenhale Road, 1951


Exhibitions



John Goodman Tremont Street #3, Boston, 1978
from the exhibition
Exposed: Exposed: Voyeurism, Surveillance and the Camera

Exposed: Voyeurism, Surveillance and the Camera
This exhibition focuses on the idea of the unseen photographer. This is of interest as this idea implies that the subject doesn't know they are being photographed, or exactly when and what image(s) are captured. It also implies a potential invasion of privacy.
http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-modern/exhibition/exposed

The Skinned City
From the exhibition description-
"In an attempt to observe and grasp our surroundings, all works exhibited are focusing on margins rather than actual buildings, on the liminal spaces and ambiguous boundaries marking out the city and the different places within it. Accordingly, the show promotes some rather idiosyncratic takes on the world around us: often on the edges of the visible, the works unpeel the city space and its various layers – not to arrive at a ‘deeper truth’, but to undo the many planes of a cityscape."

http://www.guestprojects.com/past/skinned-city/ 

I like the premise of this exhibition, and think there is potential in discussing imagery of doorsteps and thresholds along these lines. However, there is limited imagery of the exhibition itself, and none of the images seems to capture the concern with the public and private I see.


Additional Texts

Whalan, M. 2011, The Majesty of the Moment Sociality and Privacy in the Street Photography of Paul Strand, American Art, 2, p. 34,

Nour Dados. Liminal transformations: folding the surface of the photograph. Conserveries
mémorielles#7 | 2010: Seuils, Thresholds, Soglitudes



Further Research threads


Liminal space - Susan Sontag, Walter Benjamin...